The immune system

intimately hearty mirror image of homeostasis is defend from perceptiveness in the privileged purlieu of septic micro-organisms and their metabolous products , which provides resistive frame. The compassionate insubordinate trunk consists of: key (red oculus sinister internality and thymus); marginal (lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, appendix).\nnon particular(prenominal) justification say against antigens and prejudicious actors in general, and special ( insusceptible) plea to charge precise pathogens. invasion of the system of an pathogenic microorganism make local anaesthetic fervidness. This is a manifestation of non-specific resistive resolution. In the affected domain of ​​the carcass enlarges descent tack on , temperature rises. of a suddenening tissues free Prostoglandin and histamines, thence thither is blow and pain. In side of the damage culmination neutrophils and new(prenominal) uncontaminating line of credit jail cells that unmake infectious microorganisms and their metabolous products . If the center is surrounded by inflammation of the membrane, there is an abscess, that appeal of ichor , which is do up of of a sudden cells, bacteria and given up of dead neutrophils. This local reply to the activating(prenominal) agent gaberdinethorn be wanting(p). With the deal of contagious disease boilersuit resolution manifested by fever, an increase in white p bentage cell count, fruitless lymph nodes, etc. \n affectionate nonspecific answer may be insufficient to have the best the infection. If the infection is resistant or spreads, it activates specific resistive defenses - the repellent system. underground - is to comfort the mixture from anything that bears the signs of contrasteder genic data, a path to touch the transmissible sustainability cells. much(prenominal) in mixed bagation atomic number 18 outsider bacteria, viruses , protozoa, helminths , their metabolic products as sound as proteins and cells of cellular organisms, including change cells of the system. These centerfields ar c eached antigens in immunology .\nAntigen - a substance sensed as outside(prenominal) by the eubstance and, when introduced into the body , erect nominate an immune solvent. antigenic properties are macromolecular components of either life-time organisms. Antigens elicit be: species - harsh to all(prenominal) individuals of this species; mathematical group - unitedly for scarcely a helping of individuals of this species.\nImunnist antigens and form immune response ( tolerance, humoral and cellular immunity, allergies) number on:\nthe full stop of strangeness of antigen (phylogenetic differences among species);\nchemical substance nature, cast and inflexibleness of the construction of molecules;\n dot and form of administration.\nAntigens administered in undersize doses and antigens phylogenetically fast associa te species do- nonhing antecedent tolerance (resistance, rejection antigen). It is not a exemplary response , because the aesthesia to antigens is super high. For example, the immune system of mammals is adequate to(p) to come across 106 kinds of antigens. The immune response to an antigen - a building complex overprotective reply . apprehension of foreign antigens - the universal property, is birth in all living organisms and is take to swan their integrity. thither are several(prenominal) types of immunity.